The Human Desire For Wealth And Inclusion - 1394 Words

COME AS YOU ARE: An Appeal to the Basic Human Desire for Wealth and Inclusion Every day, Americans are surrounded by countless advertisements. On the way to work, billboards and radio ads bombard the senses. Most ads are quickly forgotten while others stick with the audience. What makes some ads memorable and others forgettable? The product may be visually appealing, from a desirable brand, or presented as a solution to the viewer’s problem such as anti-aging cream for wrinkles. Such is the case for an ad for The Venetian resort and casino in Vanity Fair, a high-end magazine. Featured in the ad is an older woman sitting invitingly on a luxurious white bed with bountiful pillows. This ad may appeal to a high socio-economic class of viewers with a desire to belong in a high-class society in accordance with a term called snob appeal (134), coined by Stuart Hirschberg, the Associate Professor at Rutgers University. The argument suggests advancing age will not interfere with having fun by targeting a specific audience, using unconventional visual appeals, a logical text structure, The Venetian’s status to establish credibility, and opportune timing. A trip to Las Vegas entails spending several hundred dollars on a hotel alone. Combining this with gambling, shows, sightseeing, flights, and food, the trip can amount to over five thousand dollars. This ad is only attempting to reach individuals who can afford a stay at The Venetian. The majority of Vanity Fair magazine’sShow MoreRelatedHSC English Essay - Belonging1392 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿How have your set text and two chosen texts represented different perceptions of belonging or not belonging? Obtaining a sense of belonging is an intrinsic desire inextricably linked to our human nature. 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A factor that slightly muddies the waters is the potential injustice that may exist somewhere within the chain of transfers. Perhaps the inclusion of slavery or theft for means of acquiring a holding. I will address this concern in more detail in the final paragraph of this essay, but for now I will note that this principle, the principle of rectification of injustice as Nozick deems it, willRead MoreDiversity, Diversity And Inclusion Are Key Components For Or ganizational Success977 Words   |  4 PagesIn today’s workforce, diversity and inclusion are key components for organizational success. Companies who realize that their human assets are one of the most, if not the most, important resource available to them aim to create an environment that embraces the similarities and differences present in its employees. Additionally, these organizations create a culture in which inclusion is a core component, advocated and demonstrated at all levels. One diversity characteristic is that of age. Due toRead MoreHow Loneliness Affects Characters in of Mice and Men886 Words   |  4 Pagesthrough Crooks, Candy, and Curley s wife. Ranch hands are ideal types of people to portray as being lonely, because their constant travel leaves them without someone to talk to or share things with. Steinbeck also shows how important it is for every human being to have a companion. Companionship is necessary in order for someone to live an enjoyable life. Although loneliness affects each one of the characters in Of Mice and Men differently, they all experience negative feelings from their lack of companionshipRead MoreThe Meaning Of Revolution By Hannah Arendt Summary1046 Words   |  5 Pagestyrannical power such as a king or a Machiavellian prince who refuses to distribute wealth amongst his people. Thus, she finds that people in pre-modern times revolted against authority because of their lack of wealth. It is here that Arendt makes the distinction between revolutions by citing America as the first nation to address the â€Å"social question† in that they felt strongly that poverty was not a natural human condition. This in turn prompted American society to live as one that addresses poverty

Essay about Business Forecast - 1444 Words

Business Forecast This Paper examines and compares various forecasting techniques used for qualitative and quantitative business forecasting and their use in Firstlogic Inc., to forecast the demand under conditions of uncertainty. Time series and Delphi forecasting methods are considered for this research to evaluate their ability to make effective decisions regarding the future. Business Forecasting Business forecasting is the process of studying historical performance for the purpose of using the knowledge gained to project future business conditions so that decisions can be made today that will aid in the achievement of established goals. Forecasting plays a crucial role in todays uncertain global marketplace. Forecasting is†¦show more content†¦It is in these situations that modern methods of business forecasting can be especially useful. Modern forecasting methods are usually grouped into two main categories: qualitative methods, and quantitative methods. Qualitative analysis includes the intuitive and knowledge-based approach as discussed earlier. The decision maker reviews all of the information available, and then makes an estimated forecast. Quantitative techniques are used mostly when qualitative information is not available. In contrast, qualitative techniques are based on an analysis of data (Namvar, 2000, p.8). Delphi Forecasting Method Qualitative forecasting techniques are: executive committee, the Delphi method, and surveys of the sales force, surveys of customers, historical analogy, and market research. The objective of most Delphi applications is the reliable and creative exploration of ideas or the production of suitable information for decision-making. The Delphi Method is based on a structured process for collecting and distilling knowledge from a group of experts by means of a series of questionnaires interspersed with controlled opinion feedback (chase, 2003, P471). 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The item forecast process involves a groupRead MoreForecasting and Demand Planning2752 Words   |  12 PagesTotal annual/monthly volume †¢ Projected product mix Operational †¢ Weekly/monthly SKUlevel demand †¢ Order size and frequency 3 Role of Forecasting in Supply Chain, †¢ Basis for Strategic Planning Decisions in SCM †¢ Decisions needing Forecast as Base †¢ Production - Scheduling -Inventory Control -- Aggregate Planning - Purchasing †¢ Marketing -Allocation of Sales-Force -- Promotion Activities -- New Product Launching †¢ Finance -Plant Equipment Investment -- Budgetary Planning Read MoreQualitative Forecasting1779 Words   |  8 Pageseducated opinions  of appropriate persons 1.  Delphi method:  forecast is developed by a  panel of experts  who anonymously answer a series of questions; responses are fed back to panel members who then may change their original responses a- very time consuming and expensive b- new groupware makes this process much more feasible 2.  Market research:  panels, questionnaires, test markets, surveys, etc. 3.  Product life-cycle analogy:  forecasts based on life-cycles of similar Read MoreYahoo! 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Early Childhood Education and ‘Kindergarten’ Free Essays

Pre-school education is discussed mainly through the development of a child’s personality. The knowledge and practices acquired by children during this stage of learning are embedded with their character. Furthermore development of creative thinking, communication skills and social interaction are a few benefits able to acquire by pre-school children. We will write a custom essay sample on Early Childhood Education and ‘Kindergarten’ or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Palihakkara, D.W., Premaratne, R.M. 2004, p 36). ‘Kindergarten’, is a German metaphorical term referring to a garden, in which children are compared to growing plants. It is used as a common term for pre-school educational institutions, defined in various ways in many countries. The ‘Kindergartens’ are recognized educational environments created to motivate and support the mental, physical, emotional, linguistic and social development of children between ages 3-5 years. (Source: â€Å"Friedrich Froebel†, http://www.infed.com/Froebel.html ) History of Early Childhood Education Many contributions are made to the development of theories on early childhood education through the ages in the history of educational philosophy. All theories are based upon the child’s psychological background, with various scientific research and interpretations made with time through established contemporary methods. Greek philosopher Plato in 4th Century B.C. was the first to emphasize the importance of education with play and rhythmic movement to improve mental and physical growth during the first five years of a child’s life. This idea was further improved by the addition of Aristotle’s ideas on practicing good habits and attitudes in children. John Amos Komensky (Comenius) in the 16th Century, expressed ideas of child centered education: he believed children should learn by sensory experiences through activities engineered within their natural environment. He stressed on the child’s need for love and Security and the role of a mother as a teacher in the ‘home based’ early childhood education. (Dudek.M, 1996, pp30-39) Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) further illustrates that nothing should be forced on the child. He suggests methods of active learning through experience and the enjoyment of work as ‘play’. â€Å"Work or play is all one to him, his games are his work, and he knows no difference.† -Rousseau- The four stages of a child’s development described by him are as follows: Infancy – reveals habits and the framing of emotions Childhood – reveals necessity and training of senses Boyhood – reveals utility and the training of the intellect Adolescence – reveals mortality Of these training emotions and the senses was stressed only in early childhood education. Fredrich Froebel (1782-1827) believed that the childhood is a period with its own interests, values and creativity and identifies ‘Play’ as the distinctive activity. He established the pre-school system ‘Kindergarten’ with the emphasis on ‘Free Play’ and child’s freedom. (Dudek.M, 1996, p51) Fig.2.01: Freidrich Froebel and his kindergarten tools known as ‘Froebel’s gifts’ in use with children. Educationist Maria Montessori (1870-1952) focused on the necessity of sensory learning, skill development, the use of materials and comfortable class room environments for children in comparison to Kindergarten method, the Montessori Method focuses more towards the efficiency and speed in making children ready to engage with formal learning. (Dudek.M, 1996, p.58) Fig.2.02: Maria Montessori and pre-school children Psychologists such as Wellman and Piaget during the twentieth century discovered that intelligence levels of children can be manipulated by environmental experiences such as pre-schooling. Also disapproved ideas of fixed intelligence and predetermined development. These findings improved the quality of pre-school education as structured stimulating environments for cognition and skill development. (Dudek.M, 1996, p.65) 2.1.2 Early Childhood Education in Sri Lankan Context Pre-school education has been a key priority of the Sri Lankan Education since the early 1940’s. (The Kannangara Report of 1943, Jayasooriya Commission Report on education in 1961). In 1986 the affiliation of powers to the Ministry of Women’s Affairs and Childcare enabled to enhance and control the quality and regulations for Pre-schools Island wide. Experts on child psychology and education help to categorize various early educational programs. The management of Pre-school education in Sri Lanka can be identified under three basic sectors: State sector – Managed under the Departments of Social Services, Fisheries, Women’s Affairs and Protection and child care, Local Government etc. Voluntary Organizations – Sarvodaya, Mahila Samithi, Religious Organizations, Samurdhi Movement, and Social Welfare Trust Organization (Pre-schools in the Estate Sector) Private Sector – Private Educational Organizations or individuals (Mostly Montessori System Adopted) The two key systems of early education in Sri Lanka are: Nursery ; Kindergarten Method Montessori Method (Palihakkara, D.W., Premaratne, R.M. 2004, pp54-57). The Nursery and kindergarten method is a combination of the Nursery and Kindergarten systems currently practiced in Sri Lanka. Kindergarten This system focuses a child centered approach which became the inspiration for modern pre-school education. Founded by, Freidrich Froebel, it fosters play, giving precedence for the growth of children’s feelings and their imagination. The objectives focus on the child’s development which includes social skills and sensory development. Sociability and care within a group of children Problem solving ability based on individual and group activities Accomplishment of sensory motor coordination Understanding basic concepts necessary for latter learning Appreciation of beauty in all forms Social maturity and self-awareness Progress of creativity (Palihakkara, D.W., Premaratne, R.M. 2004, pp37-38.) Nursery Schools A more recent education system based on the Kindergarten system, which functions on a nonprofit basis through churches, homes and charitable organizations . Its objectives are: Child socialization and the use of Fantasy Play – promotes sensory motor and emotional development. Attachment between teacher and child – brings out self-confidence, security and spontaneity within the child. Creating a learning environment free from restrictions and directions Establishment of good parental relations (Palihakkara, D.W., Premaratne, R.M. 2004, p38.) Organized and free play is believed to help the child realize his true capacity through aesthetics and self-expressive qualities of play. Nursery schools limit each group to a maximum of twenty students with a minimum of two teachers to maintain good child-Teacher relationship where the teacher is only a guide, selecting music, materials for play discussion or art activities.   Montessori An early education system that combines both the psychological concepts and academic techniques was established by Maria Montessori. She believed in creating a core environment based on love, care, co-operation, patience, self control and responsibility to be the main feature of the system. The system aims skill development of children through activities such as: Practical life exercises and occupational skills – Ex. Carrying and using objects, buttoning, folding linen etc. as practical life skills and sweeping, washing, brushing as occupational skills Sensory exercises – Sensory discrimination skills and concepts Didactic exercises –understand shape, size, colour, texture, temperature etc. (Palihakkara, D.W., Premaratne, R.M. 2004, pp39-40.) Fantasy Play of the Kindergarten has been substituted in the Montessori system by the organized activities that contribute to self-discipline and the course of work. ‘Learning through Play’ Method As Friedrich Froebel believes ‘play’ as the most distinctive activity of children. Apart from bringing joy to the child, ‘play’ also evokes the inherent spirit that children possess which symbolizes the character of each individual. (Dudek M. 1996, p.47) Research on human behavior has revealed that children learn efficiently from ‘seemingly-random’ play as from the formal classroom. Play gives children the opportunity of firsthand experience to discover things through exploration: it motivates them to take risks and challenges to explore the world further. (McConnell.J, 1989) Piaget describes the basic types of play a child progresses through in his/her developmental stages as Pre-Social and Social play. Pre-Social Play: The infant take on play with hands, feet, bells, rattles and dolls at six months. Social Play: Is a more intricate and social in character as it occurs with both individual and physical development. Category 1: Social play is in relation to the activity, such as: Free Play: The basic kind of social play that involves physical play activities with other children. This enables them to control their demeanor. Formal Play: Play with formal rules, but turns out to be flexible when children become more verbal. Creative Play: Defined as the ‘pinnacle’ of all types of play by Piaget: the child learns to operate with symbols rather than objects. Category 2: play can be classified under the point of social contact it offers. the curriculum of a Kindergarten encourages the following types of play: Solitary Play : children playing alone, independently, of their own interest. Parallel Play : playing beside each other, but not with each other. Associative Play : children playing with each other, communicating, sharing materials and activities in an unorganized pattern, without an overall goal. Corporative Play : children organizing themselves in a group, with a common goal or purpose. (Malone. K, Tranter. P, 2003) Category 3: Any activity of play can be viewed in different stages of complexities of activity. Stage One: Simple exploration of play material – feeling sand, pouring water back and forth, scribbling with colour pencils etc. Stage Two: Symbolic Play – Use of objects as symbols for some other object. Takes place during the Preoperational stage mentioned by Piaget, a play very frequently used by kindergarten children. Stage Three: When Kindergarten children are able to interact in co- operative play, they devised flexible rules to their games. (Malone. K, Tranter. P, 2003) The three categories of social play are effectively practiced in Kindergarten programs facilitated by teachers without restricting child behavior. Fig.2.03 :Children engaged in learning Fig.2.04: Children engaged in play Researchers have distinguished three main categories of play in relation to child development. These are summarized below with its characteristics. Physical/motor skill play activities – playing on structured games, using free equipment (e.g., bat ; ball). A natural way through which, children’s physical growth, agility and endurance is improved. These are essential to a healthy childhood and later life. Social/non social play activities – Talking with others, observe others activities, daydreaming (includes onlooker play). Children must play with others, share and cooperate, respect other views, express their ideas, feelings and needs without the involvement of an adult. A child constructs identity which suits him. Learns to negotiate with others, and interaction with their peers allows to acquire social skills and emotional well-being essential for child’s development. Cognitive play activities – (includes imaginative and creative play) building with materials and engaging in imaginative activities enables children to discover, explore and develop an understanding of the environment around them. They become familiar with the patterns and systems of life and connections with the experience. Therefore, play being a stimulant of physical, emotional, social, intellectual and cognitive development of the child plays a key role in early childhood education. (Malone .K, Tranter. P, 2003) Spatial quality of a Kindergarten The Nursery and Kindergarten method encourages freedom for the child to self-explore and experience his world. The psychological need for freedom is given priority in child centered education. A Child requires the freedom to experience childhood to its fullest potential. It is a key feature that enables him to successfully deal with future endeavors in life. (Selmer – Olsen I., 1993) The spatial quality depends on the quality of activity, physical and psychological requirements of the users etc. A Kindergarten facilitates the main function of ‘Learning through Play’. The space and spatial quality of such institutions is the tool which moulds the ambiance required for the activity. The environment of a kindergarten should be organized, supportive and inspirational with desired freedom for the child to explore within the defined limitations of safety. Thus an ideal environment would cater to the requirements of a child’s intellectual, social, linguistic, aesthetic and physical development. It will incorporate spatial variety with quiet spaces for solitude and security, more opened social spaces for group activities and exciting outdoor spaces for exploration. The sensual variety in light, colour, texture, and sound, would intensify the spatial quality to motivate children to engage positively with the kindergarten activities. (Bettelheim. B, Annalia. G, (1992), Dudek M. 1996, p.06). The objective of kindergarten architecture should be to create stimulus and secure learning environments that celebrates the characteristic activity of childhood – ‘play’. (Dudek M. 1996, p.06). Kindergarten environments should consider ‘Learning and Play’ as a synchronized, series of simultaneous learning and play activities. The spatial quality of a dynamic nature for stimulation of Play should be controlled to achieve levels of concentration required for learning. This aspect should be addressed by using architectural elements such as form, scale, proportion, colour, texture, pattern, light and views. (Dudek M. 1996, p.06). 2.2.1 Colour as a spatial quality in Kindergartens Amongst architectural elements that stimulate space for humans, colour plays a vital role with direct impacts on mind and body. The sensation of colour enables to communicate between natural and manmade elements in architecture. The Three Elephants kindergarten designed by Knafo Klimor Architects in Caesarea, Israel. It is a testimony of the above statement as arrangements of dynamic spaces with a series of geometric wall planes are emphasized by colour. Fig.2.05: Interaction with Nature: Kindergarten in Caeserea, Israel â€Å"The natural contrast between light and shade creates a new range of form and colour. Two –dimensional architecture will eventually create a richer composition of colour, which, in turn, will enrich the child’s experience.† (Eylon.L, 2003) The constant interaction with the surrounding environment draws in the light and colours of nature to animate the visual ambiance for the child; it is a dynamic experience of life. The vibrant application of colour highlights and symbolizes the abstract built forms of nature. The forms and colours with resemblance to a toy, encourages the child’s imagination to visualize ‘a herd of elephants’ and further explore activities of play through his imaginary world. Fig.2.06: Light provides visual depth to Form and Colour: Kindergarten in Caecerea, Israel and Kindergarten8units in Spain Natural light is a source which enhances the spirit of spatial quality. Kindergarten8units in Spain is an example for its execution in enhancing colours. Fig.2.07: Eye level views for children: The window is used as an activity space against the wall. Therefore, the activities can have a pleasant bright setting and a close view of the outdoor environment. Bringing the window heights to child’s eye level provides them with visual continuity from indoors to outdoors. Fig.2.08: Spirit of light and colour Use of colour with natural illumination energizes space and brightens the mood. The brightness of natural light floods into the corridors (common spaces) from the sky lights above and spreads into the classes arranged around it. Natural light and colour cooperate and works by changing light and the colours of the views of outdoors. This provides children a sensual understanding of time, nature and natural phenomena. Hence, colour becomes a vital spatial character in a kindergarten as it stimulates the child to positively communicate with its activity and the environment. How to cite Early Childhood Education and ‘Kindergarten’, Papers

Professional Research and Analysis Economical Approach

Question: Describe about the Professional Research and Analysis for Economical Approach. Answer: Definition and comparisons of the alternative approach Research requires being conducted in a parsimonious manner which means that it should be performed in the economical and straightforward method. Simplicity in explanation of various problems and generalizing solutions relating to the problems is preferred as opposed to complex research framework. The economy in research models may be achieved by way of considering less number of variables which leads to greater variance rather than considering more number of variables leading to less variance (Dubois and Gadde 2002). Rigor, on the other hand, adds to thoroughness and degree of accuracy in the research. A sound theoretical base and proper methodical design add rigor to the study. Rigor research is the study that applies appropriate research tools to fulfill the desired objectives of the investigation. Rigour describes the condition of strictness (Kolbe and Burnett 1991). Business instances of parsimony and research Parsimony may be applied to a wide range of subjects and topics. The instance below would elucidate parsimonious approach towards a particular subject. An example could be that of an entity that has four species amongst which all have wings, but only three may hover while flying. The most relevant parsimonious model would be that all four species have one ancestor and that assumption would hold true if only the presence or absence of wings is looked upon, but not when the absence or presence of hovering is added. When the second trait is added, it is more likely that the three species that hover have a common ancestor than that the trait of hovering arose from two different evolutionary paths. Thus, the most parsimonious tree would have a branch linking the three hovering species with a single common ancestor and then link that common ancestor with a common ancestor for all four species, the root species. Rigour methodology may be applicable in the healthcare industry wherein; the methodology could be applied to determine the meaning of a phenomenon through description. It aims to develop various concepts that help in the understanding of natural phenomenon with special importance over the experiences and views of participants. This mode of research entails over content analysis, semantic network analysis, and others. The rigor model would help the researcher to apply multiple approaches by collaborating through to the research topics and models to derive the desired result (Le Roux 2016). Analyses of specific circumstances where each approach is relevant and interrelation with each other At the outset, it is worth saying that it is not possible to fulfill all the investigations that are hundred percent scientific like in the case of physical science. As far as practice is concerned, both Parsimony and Rigour model of research methodology is related to the establishment of the hypothesis. The two alternative statements meant for the same phenomenon and in the vent of the absence of difference between them, the simplest method deserves special mention against other. To fulfill the criteria of parsimony, various features mainly scientific fundaments that come with an adequate hypothesis, along with detailed project description should be taken into account which forms a part in performing research organizations. As far as research is concerned, parsimony refers to the mode of simplest explanation about the largest number of observations which is logical to the complex explanations that may exist. It helps the theorists to develop more theoretical models in research than published models. The golden rule is research needs to be parsimonious. Sometimes, it may be overwhelming with a huge volume of data and information and therefore becomes complicated to sort out the important feature of the research project. Being parsimonious will abridge the context of investigation and in various ways or the other would enhance the rigor along with replicability of the entire research (Rauch et al. 2007). Rigor stands for carefulness and precision or accuracy in research. While parsimony entails over simplicity in explanation of phenomena in the generation of solutions to the problems as opposed to rigor which delves in the exactitude of finding the research solution in a given industry. Thus it may be noted that healthcare industry is by far the best instance to explain the interrelation between two modes of research methodology. Both methods are applicable in this domain (Zhang and Watanabe-Galloway 2014). In healthcare industry much of research are undertaken in the areas of nursing, childrens health, chronic care, transcultural care, survey statistics, healthcare insurance to name a few. The practitioner would have to deal with the substantial volume of data relating to health economics and research in evaluation research. Various health surveys would require both approaches of research processes. For instance, health statistics of elderly women is a complicated proposition since it involves a huge number of the data analysis. While parsimonious approach would help the investigator to perform the task with simplicity, rigor method would engage the practitioner in the in-depth and accurate analysis of data and facts of any given project (Yilmaz 2013). References Dubois, A. and Gadde, L.E., 2002. Systematic combining: an abductive approach to case research. Journal of business research, 55(7), pp.553-560. Kolbe, R.H. and Burnett, M.S., 1991. Content-analysis research: An examination of applications with directives for improving research reliability and objectivity. Journal of consumer research, 18(2), pp.243-250. Le Roux, C.S., 2016. Exploring rigour in autoethnographic research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, pp.1-13. Rauch, W.A., Schweizer, K. and Moosbrugger, H., 2007. Method effects due to social desirability as a parsimonious explanation of the deviation from unidimensionality in LOT-R scores. Personality and Individual Differences, 42(8), pp.1597-1607. Yilmaz, K., 2013. Comparison of Quantitative and Qualitative Research Traditions: epistemological, theoretical, and methodological differences. European Journal of Education, 48(2), pp.311-325. Zhang, W. and Watanabe-Galloway, S., 2014. Using mixed methods effectively in prevention science: designs, procedures, and examples. Prevention Science, 15(5), pp.654-662.